从入口开始开始

我们之前提到过Vue.js构建过程，在web应用下，我们来分析Runtime + Compiler构建出来的Vue.js，他的入口时src/platforms/web/entry-runtime-with-compiler.js:

/* @flow */

import config from 'core/config'
import { warn, cached } from 'core/util/index'
import { mark, measure } from 'core/util/perf'

import Vue from './runtime/index'
import { query } from './util/index'
import { compileToFunctions } from './compiler/index'
import { shouldDecodeNewlines, shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref } from './util/compat'

const idToTemplate = cached(id => {
  const el = query(id)
  return el && el.innerHTML
})

const mount = Vue.prototype.$mount
Vue.prototype.$mount = function (
  el?: string | Element,
  hydrating?: boolean
): Component {
  el = el && query(el)

  /* istanbul ignore if */
  if (el === document.body || el === document.documentElement) {
    process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && warn(
      `Do not mount Vue to <html> or <body> - mount to normal elements instead.`
    )
    return this
  }

  const options = this.$options
  // resolve template/el and convert to render function
  if (!options.render) {
    let template = options.template
    if (template) {
      if (typeof template === 'string') {
        if (template.charAt(0) === '#') {
          template = idToTemplate(template)
          /* istanbul ignore if */
          if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && !template) {
            warn(
              `Template element not found or is empty: ${options.template}`,
              this
            )
          }
        }
      } else if (template.nodeType) {
        template = template.innerHTML
      } else {
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          warn('invalid template option:' + template, this)
        }
        return this
      }
    } else if (el) {
      template = getOuterHTML(el)
    }
    if (template) {
      /* istanbul ignore if */
      if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
        mark('compile')
      }

      const { render, staticRenderFns } = compileToFunctions(template, {
        outputSourceRange: process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production',
        shouldDecodeNewlines,
        shouldDecodeNewlinesForHref,
        delimiters: options.delimiters,
        comments: options.comments
      }, this)
      options.render = render
      options.staticRenderFns = staticRenderFns

      /* istanbul ignore if */
      if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
        mark('compile end')
        measure(`vue ${this._name} compile`, 'compile', 'compile end')
      }
    }
  }
  return mount.call(this, el, hydrating)
}

/**
 * Get outerHTML of elements, taking care
 * of SVG elements in IE as well.
 */
function getOuterHTML (el: Element): string {
  if (el.outerHTML) {
    return el.outerHTML
  } else {
    const container = document.createElement('div')
    container.appendChild(el.cloneNode(true))
    return container.innerHTML
  }
}

Vue.compile = compileToFunctions

export default Vue
复制代码

那么，当我们的代码执行import Vue from ‘vue’ 的时候，就是从这个入口执行代码来初始化Vue,那么Vue到底是什么，他是怎么初始化的，我们来一探究竟。

Vue的入口

在这个入口JS的上方我们可以找到Vue的来源：import Vue from “./runtime/index” , 我们西安来看一下这块儿的实现，它定义在src/platforms/web/runtime/index.js中：

/* @flow */

import Vue from 'core/index'
import config from 'core/config'
import { extend, noop } from 'shared/util'
import { mountComponent } from 'core/instance/lifecycle'
import { devtools, inBrowser } from 'core/util/index'

import {
  query,
  mustUseProp,
  isReservedTag,
  isReservedAttr,
  getTagNamespace,
  isUnknownElement
} from 'web/util/index'

import { patch } from './patch'
import platformDirectives from './directives/index'
import platformComponents from './components/index'

// install platform specific utils
Vue.config.mustUseProp = mustUseProp
Vue.config.isReservedTag = isReservedTag
Vue.config.isReservedAttr = isReservedAttr
Vue.config.getTagNamespace = getTagNamespace
Vue.config.isUnknownElement = isUnknownElement

// install platform runtime directives & components
extend(Vue.options.directives, platformDirectives)
extend(Vue.options.components, platformComponents)

// install platform patch function
Vue.prototype.__patch__ = inBrowser ? patch : noop

// public mount method
Vue.prototype.$mount = function (
  el?: string | Element,
  hydrating?: boolean
): Component {
  el = el && inBrowser ? query(el) : undefined
  return mountComponent(this, el, hydrating)
}

// devtools global hook
/* istanbul ignore next */
if (inBrowser) {
  setTimeout(() => {
    if (config.devtools) {
      if (devtools) {
        devtools.emit('init', Vue)
      } else if (
        process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
        process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'test'
      ) {
        console[console.info ? 'info' : 'log'](
          'Download the Vue Devtools extension for a better development experience:\n' +
          'https://github.com/vuejs/vue-devtools'
        )
      }
    }
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
      process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'test' &&
      config.productionTip !== false &&
      typeof console !== 'undefined'
    ) {
      console[console.info ? 'info' : 'log'](
        `You are running Vue in development mode.\n` +
        `Make sure to turn on production mode when deploying for production.\n` +
        `See more tips at https://vuejs.org/guide/deployment.html`
      )
    }
  }, 0)
}

export default Vue
复制代码

这里关键的代码是import Vue from “core/index”,之后的逻辑都是对Vue这个对象做一些扩展，可以先不用看，我们来看一下真正初始化Vue的地方，载入src/core/index.js中:

import Vue from './instance/index'
import { initGlobalAPI } from './global-api/index'
import { isServerRendering } from 'core/util/env'
import { FunctionalRenderContext } from 'core/vdom/create-functional-component'

initGlobalAPI(Vue)

Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$isServer', {
  get: isServerRendering
})

Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$ssrContext', {
  get () {
    /* istanbul ignore next */
    return this.$vnode && this.$vnode.ssrContext
  }
})

// expose FunctionalRenderContext for ssr runtime helper installation
Object.defineProperty(Vue, 'FunctionalRenderContext', {
  value: FunctionalRenderContext
})

Vue.version = '__VERSION__'

export default Vue
复制代码

这里有2处关键代码，import Vue from “./instance/index” 和 initGlobalAPI(Vue),初始化全局VueAPI，我们先看第一部分，在src/core/instance/index.js中：

Vue的定义

import { initMixin } from './init'
import { stateMixin } from './state'
import { renderMixin } from './render'
import { eventsMixin } from './events'
import { lifecycleMixin } from './lifecycle'
import { warn } from '../util/index'

function Vue (options) {
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
    !(this instanceof Vue)
  ) {
    warn('Vue is a constructor and should be called with the `new` keyword')
  }
  this._init(options)
}

initMixin(Vue)
stateMixin(Vue)
eventsMixin(Vue)
lifecycleMixin(Vue)
renderMixin(Vue)

export default Vue
复制代码

在这里，我们终于看到Vue的庐山真面目，它实际上就是一个用Function实现的类，我们之恶能通过new Vue去实例化他。

有些同学看到这个不禁想问，为何Vue不用es6的class去实现？我们往后看这里有很多的xxxMixin的函数调用，并把Vue当参数传入，他们的功能都是给Vue的prototype上扩展一些方法，Vue按功能把这些扩展分散到多个模块中去实现，儿不是在一个模块里实现所有，这种方式是class难以实现的。这么做的好处是非常方便代码的维护和管理，这种编程技巧也非常值得我们去学习。

initGlobalAPI

Vue.js在整个初始化过程中，除了给他的圆形prototype上扩展方法，还会给Vue这个对象本身扩展全局的静态方法，他的定义在src/core/global-api/index.js中:

/* @flow */

import config from '../config'
import { initUse } from './use'
import { initMixin } from './mixin'
import { initExtend } from './extend'
import { initAssetRegisters } from './assets'
import { set, del } from '../observer/index'
import { ASSET_TYPES } from 'shared/constants'
import builtInComponents from '../components/index'
import { observe } from 'core/observer/index'

import {
  warn,
  extend,
  nextTick,
  mergeOptions,
  defineReactive
} from '../util/index'

export function initGlobalAPI (Vue: GlobalAPI) {
  // config
  const configDef = {}
  configDef.get = () => config
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
    configDef.set = () => {
      warn(
        'Do not replace the Vue.config object, set individual fields instead.'
      )
    }
  }
  Object.defineProperty(Vue, 'config', configDef)

  // exposed util methods.
  // NOTE: these are not considered part of the public API - avoid relying on
  // them unless you are aware of the risk.
  Vue.util = {
    warn,
    extend,
    mergeOptions,
    defineReactive
  }

  Vue.set = set
  Vue.delete = del
  Vue.nextTick = nextTick

  // 2.6 explicit observable API
  Vue.observable = <T>(obj: T): T => {
    observe(obj)
    return obj
  }

  Vue.options = Object.create(null)
  ASSET_TYPES.forEach(type => {
    Vue.options[type + 's'] = Object.create(null)
  })

  // this is used to identify the "base" constructor to extend all plain-object
  // components with in Weex's multi-instance scenarios.
  Vue.options._base = Vue

  extend(Vue.options.components, builtInComponents)

  initUse(Vue)
  initMixin(Vue)
  initExtend(Vue)
  initAssetRegisters(Vue)
}
复制代码