Alamofire 数据请求 & 数据解析（上）-一一网

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Alamofire: Elegant Networking in Swift

Alamofire 介绍

Alamofire 是一个使用swift编写的的网络请求库，开发团队你肯定很熟悉，就是原AFNetworking团队；

功能非常的强大，下面是官方特性描述（英文更能表达原意思）

Chainable Request / Response Methods // 链式请求和响应方法调用，非常的易用
Combine Support // Combine 支持
URL / JSON Parameter Encoding // URL / JSON 参数编码
Upload File / Data / Stream / MultipartFormData 支持文件上传，数据，流，多表单数据上传
Download File using Request or Resume Data 下载资源支持断点续传
Authentication with URLCredential 验证
HTTP Response Validation 响应验证
Upload and Download Progress Closures with Progress 闭包返回上传下载进度
cURL Command Output 可以转化成curl命令
Dynamically Adapt and Retry Requests 对于请求拥有重试机制
TLS Certificate and Public Key Pinning
Network Reachability 网络状态监测
Comprehensive Unit and Integration Test Coverage 单元测试和性能测试
Complete Documentation 完善的文档

项目集成使用

//CocoaPods
pod 'Alamofire', '~> 5.4'

//Carthage
github "Alamofire/Alamofire" ~> 5.4

//Swift Package Manager
dependencies: [
    .package(url: "https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire.git", .upToNextMajor(from: "5.4.0"))
]
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发起请求

简单请求

AF.request("https://httpbin.org/get").response { response in
    debugPrint(response)
}
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GET / POST / PUT / DELETE /DOWNLOAD

 switch identifier {
        case "GET":
            let login = Login(email: "aaa", password: "bbb")
            return AF.request("https://httpbin.org/get",parameters: login)
        case "POST":
            return AF.request("https://httpbin.org/post", method: .post)
        case "DELETE":
            return AF.request("https://httpbin.org/delete", method: .delete)
        case "PUT":
            return AF.request("https://httpbin.org/put", method: .put)
        case "DOWNLOAD":
            let destination = DownloadRequest.suggestedDownloadDestination(for: .cachesDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)
            return AF.download("https://httpbin.org/stream/1", to: destination)
        default:
            return nil
 }
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请求参数

URL / JSON Parameter Encoding

GET

 let login = Login(email: "aaa", password: "bbb")
 AF.request("https://httpbin.org/get",parameters: login) //参数会默认话成urlencoded "url": "https://httpbin.org/get?email=aaa&password=bbb"
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不知道你发现了，GET请求这里直接使用的Login 对象;只要参数遵循Encodable协议，那么最终ParameterEncoder都会把Parameter encode成需要的数据类型

POST

parameters 支持传递 login 对象，前提是login 是实现了Codeable的；通过Charles抓包发现，POST的默认数据提交格式是： application/x-www-form-urlencoded 格式；

encoder: URLEncodedFormParameterEncoder.default

 let login = Login(email: "aaa", password: "bbb")
 AF.request("https://httpbin.org/post", method: .post, parameters: login)
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抓包

:method: POST
:scheme: https
:path: /post
:authority: httpbin.org
accept: */*
content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8
accept-encoding: br;q=1.0, gzip;q=0.9, deflate;q=0.8
user-agent: AlamofireDemo/1.0 (com.jzyd.AlamofireDemo.AlamofireDemo; build:1; iOS 14.5.0) Alamofire/5.4.1
accept-language: en;q=1.0
content-length: 22

email=aaa&password=bbb
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指定 content-type = application/json

encoder: JSONParameterEncoder.default)

struct Login: Encodable {
    let email:String
    let password:String
}

let login = Login(email: "aaa", password: "bbb")
AF.request("https://httpbin.org/post",
               method: .post,
               parameters: login,
               encoder: JSONParameterEncoder.default)
    .response { response in
        debugPrint(response)
}
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抓包

:method: POST
:scheme: https
:path: /post
:authority: httpbin.org
accept: */*
content-type: application/json
accept-encoding: br;q=1.0, gzip;q=0.9, deflate;q=0.8
user-agent: AlamofireDemo/1.0 (com.jzyd.AlamofireDemo.AlamofireDemo; build:1; iOS 14.5.0) Alamofire/5.4.1
accept-language: en;q=1.0
content-length: 32

{"email":"aaa","password":"bbb"}
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DOWNLOAD

let destination = DownloadRequest.suggestedDownloadDestination(for: .cachesDirectory, in: .userDomainMask)
AF.download("https://httpbin.org/stream/1", to: destination)
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HTTP Headers 请求头设置

提供3种初始化方式

/// 1. 无参构造
public init() {}

/// 通过以下方式添加值
func add(name: String, value: String)
func add(_ header: HTTPHeader)
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/// 2. 通过 HTTPHeader 数组构造
public init(_ headers: [HTTPHeader])

let headers: HTTPHeaders = [
    HTTPHeader(name: "Authorization", value: "Basic VXNlcm5hbWU6UGFzc3dvcmQ="),
    HTTPHeader(name: "Accept", value: "application/json")
]

AF.request("https://httpbin.org/headers", headers: headers).responseJSON { response in
    debugPrint(response)
}
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/// 3. 通过key/value 构造
public init(_ dictionary: [String: String])

let headers: HTTPHeaders = [
    "Authorization": "Basic VXNlcm5hbWU6UGFzc3dvcmQ=",
    "Accept": "application/json"
]

AF.request("https://httpbin.org/headers", headers: headers).responseJSON { response in
    debugPrint(response)
}
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